개요

SELECT 쿼리에 함께 사용할 수 있는 Hint를 설명한다.

Cluster / Fog Edition에 따라서 지원되는 Hint는, 지원/미지원 여부가 표기 되어 있다
별도의 표기가 없는 경우에는, 모든 Edition에서 지원한다

PARALLEL

Parallel query 수행을 위한 parallel factor를 지정한다.

- Cluster : 지원함

- Fog : 미지원

SELECT /*+ PARALLEL(table_name, parallel_factor) */ ...

주어진

Mach> CREATE TABLE log_parallel_test (sensor VARCHAR(32), frequency DOUBLE, value DOUBLE, ts DATETIME);
Mach> CREATE INDEX idx_ts ON log_parallel_test (ts);

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ PARALLEL(log_parallel_test, 8) */ sensor, frequency, avg(value)
	  FROM log_parallel_test
	  WHERE ts >= TO_DATE('2007-07-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD') and ts <= TO_DATE('2007-07-31', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
	  GROUP BY sensor, frequency;

PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  GROUP AGGREGATE                                                                 
   PARALLEL INDEX SCAN                                                            
    *BITMAP RANGE (table id:3, column id:4, index id:4)                           
[4] row(s) selected.

NOPARALLEL

병렬로 수행되지 않도록 한다.

- Cluster : 지원함

- Fog : 미지원

SELECT /*+ NOPARALLEL(table_name) */ ...

Mach> CREATE TABLE log_parallel_test (sensor VARCHAR(32), frequency DOUBLE, value DOUBLE, ts DATETIME);
Mach> CREATE INDEX idx_ts ON log_parallel_test (ts);

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ NOPARALLEL(log_parallel_test) */ sensor, frequency, avg(value)
	  FROM log_parallel_test
	  WHERE ts >= TO_DATE('2007-07-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD') and ts <= TO_DATE('2007-07-31', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
	  GROUP BY sensor, frequency;
 
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  GROUP AGGREGATE                                                                 
   INDEX SCAN                                                                     
    *BITMAP RANGE (table id:5, column id:4, index id:6)                           
    [KEY RANGE]                                                                   
     * ts >= TO_DATE('2007-07-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD')                                  
     * ts <= TO_DATE('2007-07-31', 'YYYY-MM-DD')                                  
[7] row(s) selected.

FULL

INDEX SCAN을 사용하지 않고, FULL SCAN으로 쿼리를 실행한다.

SELECT /*+ FULL(table_name) */ ...

아래 스키마와 같이, idx_I1의 인덱스를 사용할 수 있는 쿼리에서도, FULL Hint를 사용하면, 인덱스를 사용하지 않고, FULL SCAN을 한다.

Mach> CREATE TABLE log_full_test (sensor VARCHAR(32), I1 INTEGER);
Mach> CREATE INDEX idx_I1 ON log_full_test (I1);

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM log_full_test WHERE I1 = 1;
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  INDEX SCAN                                                                      
   *BITMAP RANGE (table id:14, column id:2, index id:15)                          
   [KEY RANGE]                                                                    
    * I1 = 1                                                                      
[5] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ FULL(log_full_test) */ * FROM log_full_test WHERE I1 = 1;
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  FULL SCAN                                                                       
[2] row(s) selected.

NO_INDEX

쿼리에서 index_name의 INDEX를 사용하지 않는다.

SELECT /*+ NO_INDEX(table_name,index_name) */ ...

Mach> CREATE TABLE log_no_index_test (sensor VARCHAR(32), I1 INTEGER, I2 INTEGER);
Mach> CREATE INDEX idx_I1 ON log_no_index_test (I1);
Mach> CREATE INDEX idx_I2 ON log_no_index_test (I2);

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE I1 = 1;
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT
  INDEX SCAN
   *BITMAP RANGE (t:7, c:1, i:8) with BLOOMFILTER
[3] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ NO_INDEX(TEST,TEST_IDX) */ * FROM TEST WHERE I1 = 1;
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT
  FULL SCAN
[2] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM log_no_index_test WHERE I1 = 1 or I2 = 2;
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  INDEX SCAN                                                                      
   INDEX (OR)                                                                     
    *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:2, index id:22)                         
    *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:3, index id:23)                         
   [KEY RANGE]                                                                    
    * I1 = 1 or I2 = 2                                                            
[7] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ NO_INDEX(log_no_index_test, idx_I1) */ * FROM log_no_index_test WHERE I1 = 1 or I2 = 2;
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  FULL SCAN                                                                       
[2] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM log_no_index_test WHERE I1 = 1 and I2 = 2;
PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  INDEX SCAN                                                                      
   *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:2, index id:22)                          
   *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:3, index id:23)                          
   [KEY RANGE]                                                                    
    * I1 = 1                                                                      
    * I2 = 2                                                                      
[7] row(s) selected.

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ NO_INDEX(log_no_index_test, idx_I1) */ * FROM log_no_index_test WHERE I1 = 1 and I2 = 2;

PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  INDEX SCAN                                                                      
   *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:3, index id:23)                          
   [KEY RANGE]                                                                    
    * I2 = 2                                                                      
   [FILTER]                                                                       
    * I1 = 1                                                                      
[7] row(s) selected.
Elapsed time: 0.001
Mach> 
Mach> 
Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ NO_INDEX(log_no_index_test, idx_I2) */ * FROM log_no_index_test WHERE I1 = 1 and I2 = 2;

PLAN                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT                                                                          
  INDEX SCAN                                                                      
   *BITMAP RANGE (table id:21, column id:2, index id:22)                          
   [KEY RANGE]                                                                    
    * I1 = 1                                                                      
   [FILTER]                                                                       
    * I2 = 2                                                                      
[7] row(s) selected.

RID_RANGE

RID 범위 내에서 수행한다.

SELECT /*+ RID_RANGE(table_name,number,number) */ ...

Mach> SELECT /*+ RID_RANGE(TEST,45,50) */ _RID, * FROM TEST;
_RID                 I1
------------------------------------
49                   1
48                   1
47                   1
46                   1
45                   1
[5] row(s) selected.

ROLLUP

시, 분, 초 단위의 통계데이터를 조회할 수 있다.

SELECT /*+ ROLLUP(table_name,(HOUR | MIN | SEC) [, aggr_func]) */ ...

Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT T_TIME, T_VALUE FROM TAG;
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT
  TAG READ (RAW)
   KEYVALUE FULL SCAN
[3] row(s) selected.


Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ ROLLUP(TAG, SEC) */ T_TIME, T_VALUE FROM TAG;
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT
  GROUP AGGREGATE
   TAG READ (SEC, AVG)
    KEYVALUE FULL SCAN
[4] row(s) selected.
 
Mach> EXPLAIN SELECT /*+ ROLLUP(TAG, SEC, MAX) */ T_TIME, T_VALUE FROM TAG;
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PROJECT
  GROUP AGGREGATE
   TAG READ (SEC, MAX)
    KEYVALUE FULL SCAN
[4] row(s) selected.

SCAN_FORWARD, SCAN_BACKWARD

테이블의 스캔 방향을 지정한다. SCAN_FORWARD를 힌트로 사용하면 가장 먼저 입력한 레코드 우선으로, SCAN_BACKWARD를 힌트로 사용하면 가장 나중에 입력한 레코드 우선으로 조회한다.

SELECT /*+ SCAN_FORWARD(table_name) */ ...
SELECT /*+ SCAN_BACKWARD(table_name) */ ...

Mach> SELECT /*+ SCAN_FORWARD(tag) */  * FROM tag WHERE t_name='TAG_99' LIMIT 10;
T_NAME                T_TIME                          T_VALUE                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:00:49 500:000:000 0                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:01:39 500:000:000 1                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:02:29 500:000:000 2                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:03:19 500:000:000 3                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:04:09 500:000:000 4                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:04:59 500:000:000 5                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:05:49 500:000:000 6                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:06:39 500:000:000 7                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:07:29 500:000:000 8                          
TAG_99                2017-01-01 00:08:19 500:000:000 9                          
[10] row(s) selected.

Mach> SELECT /*+ SCAN_BACKWARD(tag) */ * FROM tag WHERE t_name='TAG_99' LIMIT 10;
T_NAME                T_TIME                          T_VALUE                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:53:19 500:000:000 9                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:52:29 500:000:000 8                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:51:39 500:000:000 7                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:50:49 500:000:000 6                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:49:59 500:000:000 5                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:49:09 500:000:000 4                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:48:19 500:000:000 3                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:47:29 500:000:000 2                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:46:39 500:000:000 1                          
TAG_99                2017-02-27 20:45:49 500:000:000 0                          
[10] row(s) selected.

Mach>

Machbase 6.5 Manual

SELECT Hint

Analytics

개요